© Miljenko Bernfest

• Architects: 3LHD
• Location: Ul. Gornje Mekušje, 47000, Karlovac, Croatia
• Architect In Charge: Saša Begović, Marko Dabrović, Tatjana Grozdanić Begović, Silvije Novak, Irena Mažer Hranuelli, Vibor Granić, Deša Ucović, Ivana Šajn, Nevena Kuzmanić, Romana Ilić
• Area: 2915.0 m2
• Project Year: 2016
• Photographs: Miljenko Bernfest , Jure Živković

• Structural Engineering: Ivan Palijan, Siniša Lulić (Palijan d.o.o.)
• Plumbing Drainage And Aquarium Technology: Nenad Šutevski (Vodotehnika d.d.)
• Plumbing And Drainage: Tomislav Fujs (Vodotehnika d.d.)
• Electrical Engineering: Erol Čičić, Antonio Praničević (Projekting 1970)
• Mechanical Installations: Zlatko Jakoplić (Ured 3T d.o.o.)
• Elevators: Rok Pietri (Lift Modus d.o.o.)
• Building Physics: Mateo Biluš (AKFZ studio d.o.o.)
• Landscape Design: Luka Brnić (Uređenje krajobraza d.o.o.), Ines Hrdalo
• Fire Safety, Health & Safety Project: Nadan Kosanović (ING Labos)
• 3 D: Boris Goreta
• Signage And Environmental Graphics Design: Bilić_Muller Studio (Dora Bilić, Tina Müller)
• Aquarium Technology Project: Franjo Jović (Tehnoekspert)
• Fish Protection Project: Dražen Oraić (Hrvatski Veterinarski Institut)
• Concept And Design Of The Exhibition: 3LHD
• Aquarium Setup: Marko Ćaleta (Faculty of Teacher Education, Zagreb), Zoran Marčić (Faculty of Science, Zagreb)
• Educational Wall Illustration And Design: Ana Rako and Bilić_Müller Studio
• Artificial Rock: Igor Lenard
• Audio Video Installations: Miodrag Gladović (AVC)
• Aquascaping And Aquarium Lighting Concept: Petra Bašić, Petar Pintar (Aquatic design)
• Main Contractor: AB Gradnja d.o.o, ENA d.o.o., KGH d.o.o.

© Miljenko Bernfest

From the architect. The Karlovac freshwater aquarium is located by the river Korana. The building volume is partially dug into the ground and covered with earthen embankments and greenery from its outer edges. The design concept was inspired by the city’s historic center “Karlovac star” surrounded by “Šanci” – defensive earthen walls and mounds. The goal was to form a new city focal point and to validate the promenade by the river. Three walking routes were formed: towards the city center and the river; towards the south and the sports and recreational center; and towards east and the road access. A new point is located at the junction of the walking routes – a square around which all of the aquarium facilities are located: entrance spaces, souvenir shop, cafe bar, library and offices.

© Jure Živković

Ground Floor

© Jure Živković

The aquarium exhibition displays the flora and fauna of Croatian rivers and their ecosystems. The display layout follows the flow of a karst river – together with its flora, fauna and biodiversity. The exhibition starts outside, with a water surface on the square. It continues inside the building with a system of ramps that wind like a river down into the basement level because specific plant and animal species require complete control of lighting conditions in order to survive. Aquariums are placed along, above and below the visitor paths. Along the pedestrian ramps the fish are first observed from above, as they are when walking along the river; and then from the sides – they can be seen below the water surface. After the headwaters (upper part of a river) the sounds quiet down, visitors plunge into caves that feature endemic species which are often found in subterranean streams. The space expands, lighting comes from the tanks, and visitors can take a break in the central area, listen to the sounds recorded in caves, and observe the exhibited endemic species. After the cave, the visitors arrive to an aquarium with larger specimens of rare species that have disappeared from their natural habitats in Croatia. The visitors can observe the fish and aquatic plants that live in warmer parts of the riverbed. The aquariums are seen from the side, and then from underneath as the visitors walk into a tunnel that evokes immersion into a river. After the tunnel, visitors pass through a series of aquariums with water lilies and rushes usually present downstream, in the marshy habitats of a river. The exhibition ends with a system of cascading aquariums whose biotopes display waterfalls and a travertine barrier.

© Jure Živković

© Jure Živković

Finally, a stairway and an elevator return the visitors to the entrance hall through the gift shop. A space for analysis of the technological parameters of water, a scientific research center and fish aclamatization spaces are located in the center of the layout.

© Jure Živković

© Jure Živković

Karlovac freshwater aquarium is co-financed from the European Regional Development Fund under the “Regional Competitiveness” 2007-20013 Operational Programme. The total value of the project is 36.691.939,28 Kuna’s, of which the grant from the European Regional Development Fund is 36,222,282.45 Kuna’s.

© Jure Živković

Product Description.

Pigmented concrete

The concrete used on the façade is pigmented and produced by a special in-situ method right on the construction site. A special type and size of grain was selected to achieve the desired effect – to make the façade color resemble the color of ground/soil. First, the concrete is carefully applied on the hull, vibrated in layers and cultivated for a period of time. Before it is mounted on the façade the hull is coated with a cement milk retardant to slow down the binding process in the concrete. After the hull is removed the concrete surface is washed to obtain a specific texture. The mineral grains become visible and clearly define the structure and texture of the complete and solid concrete surface.

© Jure Živković

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Last week ArchDaily attended the 2016 World Architecture Festival in Berlin. We chatted with Sir Peter Cook and asked him about the current state of global affairs (Brexit, the US election, etc). He explained how his experience and work has influenced a career that has spanned over five decades, and reminds us of the inspiring power of architecture. 

Peter Cook: You have to understand that I’m a very particular kind of animal both politically and in my general opinions. I’m what I would call a creative cynic. I’m an old person and I’ve seen a lot of not very good things happen. On the other hand I was privileged as a child to have free education and free college. 

Peter Cook. REAL CITY: Perspective of Everscreened Type, 1986, tracing paper, ink, 64 x 62 cm © Peter Cook

I don’t see things in the extremely black and white. I think there are variants on the not quite right and variants on the nearly possible. And so I think even in the Archigram days my projects were actually based upon a kind of liberal tradition. Although the mechanics looked outrageous, perhaps, the actual society that I was imagining into them was what I would call an North European liberal society, such as I actually grew up in. Of this made—there’s a tendency away from that. And my great belief in Europe, which I did before there was even an EU, was that one had seen all these countries fighting each other—I was a child at the war time, and I heard bombs dropping—and you saw all these countries coming together and that seemed wonderful, irrespective if there was a bureaucracy or not.

In a way, I think the architectures that I make is based upon an optimism. Optimism with a side knowing that it won’t quite happen, but not saying “Oh! All is terrible!” or “Oh! All is wonderful!” It’s, “Yeah, it’s going to be a bit better or a bit worse.” That, of course, is a very English attitude. That we’re survivors. It’s interesting that when sometimes there are these economic downturns, for example in Spain when there was the last economic downtown, everyone said “It’s all collapsing, what are we going to do, what are we doing to do!” The English said, “Hmm it’s not so good, but it’ll get better.” And then things are good in England and they say, “Uh, any minute it’s going to go down.” And it’s a kind of protective tissue which is very funny for foreigners. My wife is not English and she can never understand how we have this—we’re never totally optimistic and we’re never totally pessimistic. We say, “Well, let’s keep going and something will turn up.” And you have to put my architecture in that perspective. It’s what I would call liberal in a traditional sense of liberal. It’s inquisitive, reasonable, it’s to the left but not extreme left, it’s beneficial for the underprivileged, but not in an extreme way. It uses the economic system that we have, as long as it doesn’t go extremely badly. And I think this is difficult, particularly for Latin people or Mediterranean people to understand. They say, “What turns you on?”

Drawing Studio / CRAB Studio © Richard Bryant arcaidimages.com

You can use your imagination of course, and when I was doing the Archigram stuff I always thought it could be built. If you looked at it, it had handrails, it had toilets. And the toilets were the right size and the escalators were the right pitch. I always used to get irritated by people from other cultures who’d say, “This is a wonderful scheme; this is the city of the future.” And you thought, “How the f*ck are you going to walk around on it! You’re going to fall off the edge.” So, you have the bear that in mind, and therefore I don’t see any divide between what I was showing before lunch there, the blue thing [Drawing Studio at Bournemouth University], which is actually built, and what I was drawing in Archigram. That [project] looks a bit unusual in an English university, but it’s only what we were doing in Archigram. And Archigram looked a bit unusual but actually it could have been built, and that was what was very interesting when I built the Graz building—that you could do that. And yet, people for years had been saying you couldn’t do our kind of stuff. And they you say, “F*ck you, look there it is!” What do you do then? And I think it’s… in a way a rather cynical background. You somehow can do things because the cynicism is a protective crust for what is fundamentally optimism. And there you are.

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